As long as dyeing is needed, people hope to achieve the expected good effect, even better than expected. However, dyeing is a complex process. People use dyes to dye since they have clothing dependence, but the dyeing effect is different. Why? It's just that we didn't grasp several factors that affect the dyeing effect. Through people's continuous practice and summary, it is found that the main factors affecting the dyeing effect are as follows:

1. Properties of dyes

Various dyes have different affinities to fibers, so the absorption of dyes by fibers is also different. Different dyes, dyeing methods and dyeing effects are not the same, since it is the same kind of fuel, because of their different properties, dyeing methods and dyeing effects are also different,. For example, we used acid black att dye to dye a piece of pure wool gabardine and a piece of artificial wool gabardine with the same dyeing method. As a result, the pure wool gabardine became black, while the artificial wool gabardine spun from wool viscose fiber was not colored. The reason is that man-made wool Wada is not pure wool fiber, but wool type man-made cellulose fiber spun from viscose fiber. Acid black att dye has no affinity for artificial fur fiber and can not be colored, but has affinity for pure wool protein fiber and can be colored, so pure wool gabardine becomes black, while artificial wool gabardine is not colored.

2. Nature of the dye

The amount of dye absorbed by the dye is related to its sparse and dense structure. The loose structure is easier to dye than the tight structure, and the color is darker. In addition, the amount of dye required varies with the thickness of the dyed fiber. If the same weight of wool is used for dyeing with the same dye and the same dyeing method, the dyeing is directly related to the twist of the yarn and the expansion coefficient of the fiber after entering the water. As a result, the color of the fine wool is light and that of the coarse wool is dark. So dyeing the same shade of color, fine fiber clothes need more dyes.

3. Properties of dye inhibitors

In a certain range of dosage, the addition of dyeing agent can play a good role in group dyeing, but if the dosage is too much or too little, it will not only not play a role in group dyeing, but will affect the dyeing. There are many kinds of dyes, and their properties and uses are different. We must understand them clearly so as to avoid accidents caused by misuse. Like sodium hydrosulfite, it can peel and bleach direct dyes and acid dyes, but it can reduce vat dyes, even if the vat dyes are reduced by sodium hydrosulfite to a dye solution of another color under alkaline conditions. This kind of chromosome is absorbed by the fiber, and after oxidation, it becomes insoluble dye and fixed on the fiber to achieve the purpose of dyeing. Salt, for example, plays a role in promoting dyeing in direct dyes, sulfur dyes and reactive dyes, while it plays a role in retarding dyeing in acid dyes.

4. Dyeing concentration

When dyeing, the shade of the dye solution will affect the amount of dye absorbed by the fiber. Generally speaking, when the concentration is higher than that of the fiber, more dyes will be absorbed. However, when the concentration reaches a certain limit and the dye uptake reaches equilibrium, although the dye dosage is increased, the absorption of the dye will not increase correspondingly.

If you dye the same clothes with the same heavy dye, the color with more water is lighter than that with less water. There is a certain limit to the concentration of dye, that is, the amount of water used. Too much water will cause waste, too little water will affect the dissolution of dyes and the operation of the dye, resulting in dyeing flowers. In general, the bath ratio of 1:30 is better, that is to say, for one kilogram of clothing, 30 kilogram of dye solution should be used, or the dye should be immersed in the dye solution.

5. Dyeing temperature

Generally speaking, the high dyeing temperature makes the dye dispersion high and the ability to diffuse into the fiber increases. At the same time, the fiber expands and the internal gap increases, which is convenient for the dye adsorption and diffusion and speeds up the dyeing speed and uniformity. However, when the dyeing temperature rises too high, due to the too large gap between the fibers and the too large kinetic energy of dye ions, some of the dyes dyed on the fibers will return to the dyeing solution, so the color will become lighter.

Different dyes require different dyeing temperature. For example, alkaline light yellow is suitable for warm dyeing. If the temperature exceeds 70 ℃, the dye will be dispersed and destroyed. Generally, direct dyes are suitable for dyeing at a higher temperature, such as direct copper salt blue for dyeing at 90-100 ℃. Some direct dyes need lower temperature, such as direct frozen yellow, dyeing effect is best at 40-50 ℃.

6. Dyeing time

When the dyeing effect is not balanced, the absorption and fastness of dyes can be improved by prolonging the dyeing time. Generally speaking, we should finish the three stages of dyeing in the shortest possible time to achieve the best dyeing effect. However, if the time is too short, the dye can not be fully absorbed or absorbed unevenly, and even has not diffused into the interior of the fiber, which is not only a waste, but also a waste of color, and the color and fastness can not meet the requirements, so it is necessary to master the dyeing time well. As far as dip dyeing is concerned, the dyeing time is usually about 60 minutes. When dyeing light colors, there is less dye in the dye solution, so it is easy to reach balance, so the dyeing time can be shorter, and the dyeing time for dark colors should be longer.

7. The movement of dyeing clothes

After the dyed clothes are immersed in the dye solution, they should be turned continuously. On the one hand, the rotation of the dye in the dye solution speeds up the dyeing process and promotes the dye diffusion inside the fiber; on the other hand, the rotation of the dye makes all parts of the dye fully and evenly contact with the dye, so as to prevent the dyeing of flower and grain. Therefore, when we re dye clothes, we should constantly turn them, and keep the clothes from exposing the liquid surface for a long time to prevent wind print.

All of the above are very important. As long as we follow the specific requirements of dyeing, we are sure to dye the clothing well.